Breaking News Overview
According to multiple reports citing a Wall Street Journal article published on May 20, 2025, silicon carbide semiconductor manufacturer Wolfspeed (NYSE: WOLF) is preparing to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection within weeks. This news sent the company's shares plummeting by over 57% in extended trading.
Key Factors Leading to Bankruptcy Consideration
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Debt Burden: Wolfspeed is struggling to address its substantial debt pile, which totals approximately $6.5 billion. Apollo Global Management ranks near the top of this debt stack and leads a group holding $1.5 billion in senior secured loans.
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Failed Restructuring Attempts: The company has reportedly rejected several out-of-court debt restructuring proposals from creditors and disclosed during last week's earnings that it failed to restructure its 2026 convertible notes.
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Market Challenges: Wolfspeed has been grappling with sluggish demand in industrial and automotive markets and tariff-induced uncertainty, affecting its revenue projections and ability to service debt.
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Revenue Shortfall: The company recently forecast weaker-than-expected annual revenue, projecting $850 million in 2026, below analysts' estimate of $958.7 million.
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Going Concern Warning: During its recent earnings report, Wolfspeed issued a "going concern" warning, which indicates doubt about the company's ability to continue operating for the next 12 months without liquidating assets or seeking bankruptcy protection.
Previous Restructuring Efforts
Before considering Chapter 11, Wolfspeed attempted several strategies to strengthen its financial position:
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Apollo-Led Debt Financing: In October 2024, Wolfspeed announced a consortium of investment funds led by Apollo, The Baupost Group, Fidelity Management & Research Company, and Capital Group had agreed to provide $750 million in new financing. This followed earlier debt funding of $1.25 billion led by Apollo Credit Funds in 2023.
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Government Support: The company signed a non-binding preliminary memorandum of terms with the U.S. Department of Commerce for up to $750 million in proposed direct funding under the CHIPS and Science Act. Wolfspeed also received $192.1 million in cash tax refunds from the advanced manufacturing tax credit under Section 48D and expected more than $600 million in additional tax refunds in fiscal year 2026.
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Recent Negotiations: Recent reports indicated Apollo Global Management had engaged investment bank Moelis to negotiate a possible debt restructuring with Wolfspeed, but these efforts appear to have been unsuccessful.
Implications of Chapter 11 Filing
If Wolfspeed proceeds with Chapter 11 bankruptcy, several key implications emerge:
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Creditor Support: The WSJ report indicates Wolfspeed is looking to file for bankruptcy with the support of a majority of its creditors, suggesting a pre-packaged or pre-arranged bankruptcy plan may be in the works.
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Operational Continuity: Chapter 11 bankruptcy would allow Wolfspeed to continue operations while restructuring its debt obligations. This is consistent with statements from departing CFO Neill Reynolds on the May 9 conference call, who mentioned pursuing in-court options to renegotiate debt.
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Shareholder Impact: The market reaction has been severe, with shares cratering 40% in post-market trading on Tuesday after already dropping 10% by the closing bell. The stock, which hit a peak of $142.53 in January 2021, has fallen dramatically, with shares down 53% year-to-date even before this news.
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Analyst Responses: Prior to this bankruptcy news, several analysts had already downgraded Wolfspeed following its Q3 earnings report, including Citi downgrading to 'Sell' from 'Neutral' and JP Morgan downgrading to 'Underweight' from 'Neutral'.
Strategic and Industry Implications
The potential bankruptcy has broader implications:
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Silicon Carbide Market: Wolfspeed's struggles could reshape the competitive landscape in the silicon carbide semiconductor space, potentially creating opportunities for competitors like Infineon and ON Semiconductor.
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U.S. Manufacturing Policy: Wolfspeed was positioned as a key player in advancing U.S. semiconductor manufacturing capacity, with Apollo Partner Joseph Jackson previously stating that their investment would help "solidify [Wolfspeed's] leadership" and advance "key tenets of the CHIPS and Science Act." The bankruptcy could complicate these policy objectives.
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Electric Vehicle Supply Chain: As a major supplier of silicon carbide components essential for electric vehicle power systems, Wolfspeed's restructuring could impact the EV supply chain, particularly as the industry faces broader challenges with adoption rates and profitability.
Conclusion
Wolfspeed's likely bankruptcy filing represents the culmination of multiple challenges, including excessive debt, operational difficulties with manufacturing expansion, and market headwinds in its key end markets. The filing appears to be an acknowledgment that despite significant government support and earlier financing arrangements, the company's current capital structure is unsustainable.
For investors, this development underscores the risks associated with capital-intensive technology manufacturing, particularly in emerging segments like silicon carbide semiconductors. While Chapter 11 offers Wolfspeed a path to potentially emerge as a more financially stable company, existing shareholders face significant uncertainty and likely substantial losses.
The speed and severity of Wolfspeed's decline—from a company valued at over $15 billion in 2021 to one facing bankruptcy in 2025—highlights how quickly fortunes can change even in industries with promising growth trajectories. The outcome of this restructuring will be closely watched by competitors, customers, and policymakers alike, given Wolfspeed's significant position in the semiconductor supply chain and U.S. manufacturing strategy.